Which of the following are types of healthcare insurance models?

The correct answer highlights two prominent types of healthcare insurance models, namely Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) and Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs).

HMOs are designed to provide a wide range of healthcare services through a network of providers for a fixed monthly fee. This model emphasizes primary care and preventive services, with a focus on keeping healthcare costs manageable by promoting efficient and coordinated care. Members typically select a primary care physician (PCP) who acts as a gatekeeper for other services, necessitating referrals for specialists.

On the other hand, PPOs offer more flexibility in choosing healthcare providers and do not require referrals to see specialists. While they may come with higher premiums, PPOs allow members to seek care from a broader network of healthcare providers, including those outside of the PPO network at a higher cost. This model caters to those who prefer greater autonomy in managing their healthcare choices.

The other options present terms that do not represent recognized types of healthcare insurance models. RTAs, CMOs, ICUs, VITs, TPAs, and HSAs are associated with different healthcare or financial concepts but do not categorize healthcare insurance models in the way that HMOs and PPOs do. For instance, TPAs (Third-Party Administrators)